Record-breaking summers are now common in many parts of the world, and Muslims often spend long hours outdoors: walking to the masjid, working, travelling for Umrah or Hajj, or attending summer events. Heat illness is preventable, and the Prophet ﷺ gave practical guidance about heat too, advising believers to delay the Dhuhr prayer until the heat eases during intense heat (reported by al-Bukhari). Here is how to look after yourself and your family.
Who is most at risk?
Older adults, babies and young children, pregnant women, people with heart, kidney or lung conditions, and anyone taking diuretics or certain blood-pressure medicines are more vulnerable. People who work outdoors and pilgrims walking long distances are also at higher risk. Check on elderly relatives and neighbours during heatwaves; this is part of the Islamic duty of care toward neighbours.
Hydration basics
- Drink water regularly through the day instead of waiting until you are thirsty. Pale-yellow urine is a simple sign of good hydration.
- Follow the Sunnah of drinking seated and in three breaths; slow sipping is also easier on the stomach.
- Water-rich foods help: watermelon, cucumber, yoghurt, laban and soups.
- Limit sugary drinks and energy drinks, and be careful with strong tea and coffee in the heat.
- If you sweat heavily for long periods, an oral rehydration solution can replace lost salts.
Staying cool
- Plan walks and errands for early morning or after Maghrib.
- Choose loose, light-coloured, breathable modest clothing; cotton and linen work better than synthetic fabrics.
- Use shade, umbrellas and hats, and never leave children or older people in parked cars.
- Wudu itself is cooling: wetting the face, arms and feet helps lower skin temperature.
Know the warning signs
Heat exhaustion can cause heavy sweating, headache, dizziness, nausea, cramps and weakness. Move to a cool place, loosen clothing, sip water and rest. Heat stroke is an emergency: confusion, slurred speech, fainting, a very high body temperature or hot skin (sweating may stop). Call emergency services immediately and cool the person with water and fanning while you wait.
Pilgrims and travellers
For Hajj and Umrah, carry a refillable water bottle, use an umbrella, rest in shaded areas between rituals and follow the timings advised by your group and the Saudi health authorities. Islam is a religion of ease: using a wheelchair, delegating certain rites where permitted, or resting is not a weakness when your health is at stake.
This article is general information, not medical or religious advice. Please speak to your doctor or pharmacist about your own health, and to a qualified scholar about specific religious rulings.